Study log

Engineers Notebook

Cement for Construction

Construction
Nelson
Latest Update: 2025-11-13 04:36:16

Cement is a binding material used in construction that hardens and sets when mixed with water. It acts as an adhesive in concrete and mortar, binding aggregates (sand, gravel, or crushed stone) together to form a strong and durable structure. Composition

  • limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CCaO3)
  • Clay
  • Silica
  • Alumina
  • Iron Oxide
Cement: Types
  1. Ordinary Portland Cement
  2. Portland Pozzolana Cement
  3. Rapid Hardening Cement
  4. Sulfate-Resistance Cement
  5. Low Heat Cement
  6. White Cement
  7. High Alumina Cement
  8. Blast Furnace Slag Cement
  9. Air-Entraining Cement
  10. Expansive Cement
  11. Hydrophobic Cement
Classification of Portland Cement (ASTM C150)
Type Description Application
Type I General-purpose cement Buildings, pavements, bridges
Type II Moderate Sulfate Resistance Sewage plants, drainage systems
Type III High Early Strength Precast concrete, cold weather construction
Type IV Low Heat of Hydration Mass concrete, dams, large foundations
Type V High Sulfate Resistance Marine structures, sulfate-rich environments
Cement Time Setting

1. Initial Time Setting

The time when cement starts losing plasticity and becomes stiff. For Ordinary Portland cement this takes 30-45 minutes

2. Final Time Setting

The time when cement completely loses plasticity and becomes rigid. For Ordinary Portland Cement this takes 6-8 hours.

References

  • ASTM C150. https://store.astm.org/c0150_c0150m-24.html